Please typeset your references in the BibTeX ``aaai'' bibliography
style (provided as part of the
example
document), or better still provide a BibTeX .bib file. The papers are
listed in the bibliography in alphabetical order, and are cited using
the Havard author-year citation style. Please use the
LATEX\cite command to do a citation. An extra command
\citeyear is provided for handling the variant citation style,
as in Joe Bloggs \citeyear(1999){bloggs99}. A sample
bibliography in this style is shown below:
Adami, C., and Brown, C. T.
1994.
Evolutionary learning in the 2D artificial life system `Avida'.
In Brooks, R., and Maes, P., eds., Artificial Life IV, 377.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Adami, C.; Brown, C. T.; and Haggerty, M. R.
1995.
Abundance distributions in artificial life and stochastic models:
`age and area' revisited.
Lect. Notes in Artif. Intell. 929:503.
Adami, C.
1995.
Self-organized criticality in living systems.
Phys. Lett. A 203:23.
Adami, C.
1998.
Introduction to Artificial Life.
Santa Clara: TELOS Springer-Verlag.
Bak, P., and Paczuski, M.
1996.
Physics of Biological Systems.
Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
Bak, P., and Sneppen, K.
1993.
Punctuated equilibrium and criticality in a simple model of
evolution.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 71:4083.
Bak, B.; Tang, C.; and Wiesenfeld, K.
1987.
Self-organized criticality: An explanation of 1/f noise.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 59:381.
Bak, B.; Tang, C.; and Wiesenfeld, K.
1988.
Self-organized criticality.
Phys. Rev. A 38:364.
Burlando, B.
1990.
The fractal dimension of taxonomic systems.
J. Theor. Biol. 146:99.
Burlando, B.
1993.
The fractal geometry of evolution.
J. Theor. Biol. 163:161.
Chu, J., and Adami, C.
1997.
Propagation of information in populations of self-replicating code.
In Langton, C. G., and Shimohara, K., eds., Proc. of Artificial
Life V, 462.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Elena, S. F., and Lenski, R.
1996.
Punctuated evolution caused by selection of rare beneficial
mutations.
Science 272:1802.
Gil, L., and Sornette, D.
1996.
Landau-ginzburg theory of self-organized criticality.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 76:3991.
Gould, S. J., and Eldredge, N.
1977.
Punctuated equilibria: The tempo and mode of evolution reconsidered.
Paleobiology 3:115.
Gould, S. J., and Eldredge, N.
1993.
Punctuated equilibrium comes of age.
Nature 366:223.
Lenski, R., and Travisano, M.
1994.
Dynamics of adaptation and diversification-a 10,000 generation
experiment with bacterial populations.
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 91:6808-6814.
Newman, M. E. J.; Fraser, S. M.; Sneppen, K.; and Tozier, W.
1997.
Self-organized criticality in living systems--comment.
Phys. Lett. A 228:202.
Newman, M. E. J.
1996.
Self-organized criticality, evolution, and the fossil extinction
record.
Proc. Roy. Soc. B 263:1605-1610.
Newman, M. E. J.
1997.
A model of mass extinction.
arXiv:adap-org/9702003.
Ofria, C.; Brown, C. T.; and Adami, C.
1998.
The avida user's manual.
In Introduction to Artificial Life In Introduction to Artificial Life (1998).
The Avida software is publicly available at
ftp.krl.caltech.edu/pub/avida.
Raup, D. M.
1991.
A kill curve for phanerozoic marine species.
Paleobiology 17:37-48.
Solé, R. V., and Bascompte, J.
1996.
Are critical phenomena relevant to large-scale evolution?
Proc. Roy. Soc. B 263:161-168.
Sornette, D.; Johansen, A.; and Dornic, I.
1995.
Mapping self-organized criticality to criticality.
J. de Phys. I 5:325.
Willis, J. C.
1922.
Age and Area.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.